Field Notes / Advanced
Concentrates Are Not for Beginners
If you are new to cannabis, concentrates are not the place to start. Products ranging from 60-95% THC deliver intense effects that can overwhelm even experienced flower consumers. Overconsumption of concentrates can cause extreme anxiety, paranoia, nausea, and disorientation.
We recommend at least several months of experience with flower before exploring concentrates. When you do transition, start with the lowest potency option available and use the smallest amount possible.
Dabbing also involves high-temperature equipment including torches and heated surfaces that can cause burns if handled improperly. Treat the equipment with the same caution you would give to any kitchen torch or hot cooking surface.
What Are Cannabis Concentrates?
Cannabis concentrates are products made by extracting cannabinoids (THC, CBD) and terpenes from the cannabis plant, removing the plant material and leaving behind a highly potent product. The term "concentrate" literally means the active compounds have been concentrated into a smaller, more potent form.
While cannabis flower typically contains 15-25% THC, concentrates range from 60-95% THC. This means a tiny amount of concentrate delivers far more THC than the same weight of flower. A single dab (a small rice-grain sized portion) can produce effects equivalent to smoking an entire joint or more.
Concentrates are made through two primary methods: solvent-based extraction (using butane, propane, CO2, or ethanol to dissolve and separate cannabinoids) and solventless extraction (using heat, pressure, ice, or water to mechanically separate trichomes from plant material).
Types of Concentrates
Six major concentrate types available in New York dispensaries. Each has a distinct texture, potency range, and flavor profile.
Shatter
Hydrocarbon (BHO)THC Range
Named for its brittle, glass-like consistency that shatters when broken. Shatter is one of the most recognizable concentrate forms. It is amber to golden in color, typically translucent, and snaps cleanly. The stable molecular structure means it stores well and handles easily with a dab tool.
Wax / Budder
Hydrocarbon (BHO)THC Range
Wax and budder are whipped during the purging process, introducing air that creates a creamy, opaque consistency. Budder is smoother and more butter-like, while wax can be slightly more crumbly. Both are easy to scoop with a dab tool and are popular for their ease of handling.
Live Resin
Hydrocarbon from fresh-frozen flowerTHC Range
Made from flash-frozen flower to preserve the full terpene profile. Live resin is prized for its rich flavor and full-spectrum effects. It typically has a saucy consistency with visible crystalline formations (THCA diamonds). The terpene content (5-10%) is the highest of any concentrate type.
Live Rosin
Solventless (heat and pressure)THC Range
The premium, solventless option. Live rosin is made by pressing fresh-frozen bubble hash between heated plates with no chemical solvents. It is considered the cleanest concentrate available. The flavor is exceptional, reflecting the original plant profile. The solventless process commands a higher price point.
Diamonds & Sauce
Hydrocarbon with crystallizationTHC Range
THCA diamonds are near-pure crystalline THCA formations that develop through a slow crystallization process. They are served in a terpene-rich sauce that provides flavor and additional cannabinoids. Diamonds alone are nearly flavorless; the sauce provides the sensory experience.
Crumble
Hydrocarbon (BHO)THC Range
Crumble has a dry, crumbly texture similar to a crumbled cookie. It is created by purging wax at a lower heat for a longer period. Crumble is easy to handle, breaks apart naturally, and can be sprinkled on top of flower in a bowl or joint for added potency.
Potency Levels Explained
Understanding what different THC percentages mean in practice for concentrate consumers.
Transition
Entry-level concentrates. Comparable to a very strong flower experience. A good starting point for consumers transitioning from flower to concentrates.
Standard
The most common potency range for concentrates. This is where shatter, wax, and crumble typically fall. Noticeable step up from even the strongest flower.
High
Experienced concentrate consumers. Products in this range deliver intense effects quickly. Not recommended for occasional users or those with low tolerance.
Ultra
Near-pure THC products like distillate and THCA diamonds. Maximum potency. Reserved for consumers with significant concentrate experience and established tolerance.
Equipment Needed
The essential equipment for dabbing concentrates, with typical price ranges. Total investment: $50-250 depending on quality.
Dab Rig
A water pipe designed specifically for concentrates. Features a joint for a nail/banger instead of a bowl. Glass rigs are most common. Size ranges from compact to full-size.
Quartz Banger / Nail
The heated surface where you place the concentrate. Quartz bangers are the standard. They retain heat well and provide clean flavor. Titanium and ceramic are alternatives.
Butane Torch
Used to heat the banger to the correct temperature (350-550 degrees F depending on preference). A kitchen torch works but a purpose-built torch is more ergonomic.
Carb Cap
Placed over the banger after loading the concentrate to trap heat and regulate airflow. Essential for low-temperature dabs that preserve flavor.
Dab Tool
A small metal or glass tool used to scoop, slice, or manipulate concentrates. Different tip shapes work better with different concentrate textures.
Total Startup Cost
$50-250An e-nail (electronic nail) eliminates the torch for $100-250 and provides precise temperature control, which is preferred by serious concentrate consumers.
Storing Concentrates
Proper storage preserves potency, flavor, and texture. Concentrates are sensitive to heat, light, air, and moisture.
Do
- Store in a silicone or glass container with a tight lid
- Keep in a cool, dark place (room temp or refrigerator)
- Use parchment paper for sticky concentrates
- Handle with a dab tool, not your fingers
Do Not
- Leave in direct sunlight or near heat sources
- Store in plastic bags (terpenes degrade plastic)
- Leave containers open or loosely sealed
- Touch concentrates with bare hands (oils degrade quality)
NY Regulations on Concentrates
Cannabis concentrates are legal for adult-use purchase in New York under the Marijuana Regulation and Taxation Act. Key regulations include:
- Possession Limit: Adults 21 and older may possess up to 24 grams of concentrated cannabis for personal use.
- Testing Requirements: All concentrates must pass OCM-approved lab testing for potency, residual solvents, pesticides, heavy metals, and microbials before sale.
- Labeling: Concentrate labels must include the product type, extraction method, total THC content, batch number, and all required warning statements.
- Home Extraction: Solvent-based extraction at home is illegal and extremely dangerous. Only licensed processors may manufacture concentrates using chemical solvents.
- Consumption: The same public consumption rules that apply to flower apply to concentrates. Use only in private residences or designated consumption areas.
Cannabis concentrates are high-potency products not recommended for inexperienced consumers. For use only by adults 21 years of age and older. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Cannabis can impair concentration, coordination, and judgment. Do not operate a vehicle or machinery under the influence of cannabis. Home extraction using chemical solvents is illegal and dangerous. Licensed by New York Office of Cannabis Management.